Ma u baahan tahay Tayo Sare oo Joogto ah oo Joogta ah DhulkaCDADAwaxay bixisaa xalal habaynta OEM dhamaystiran. Sida soo-saare lagu kalsoonaan karo oo leh warshad noo gaar ah, waxaan ku siineynaa dammaanad 3-sano ah alaabtayada.
AnWareegga Wareega Leakage-ka Dhulka (CBR), sidoo kale loo yaqaanWareegta Leakage Earth oo leh Ilaalinta Isku-dhafka Dheeraadka ah (CBR) IEC 60947-2 Lifaaqa B, waa qalab ilaalin hooseeya oo casri ah oo isku dhafanilaalinta hadda jirta (dhulka daadsan). lehculeys xad dhaaf ah iyo ilaalinta wareegga gaaban hal kiis oo qaabaysan. Ku shaqaynta danab la qiimeeyay ilaa415V AC (50/60Hz) oo leh qiimeynta hadda laga bilaabo16A ilaa 800A, CBRs waxay u adeegaan sidii qalab ilaalin dhamaystiran oo loogu talagalay codsiyada warshadaha, ganacsiga, iyo kaabayaasha muhiimka ah.
Si ka duwan kuwa taaganWareegyada Hadhaaga ah ee hadda jira (RCCBs)kaas oo bixiya kaliya ilaalinta daadinta dhulka, CBRs ayaa is dhexgaliya:
Heerkulka-magnetic ama ilaalinta korantada ee elektarooniga ah (L-S-I qalooca)
Ogaanshaha hadda hadhaaga ah (10mA ilaa 1000mA dareenka)
Awoodda jebinta wareegga gaaban ilaa 85kA
Is dhexgalkaani wuxuu meesha ka saarayaa baahida loo qabo isku darka kala duwan ee MCB/RCCB, hoos u dhigista booska rakibaadda iyo hagaajinta isku-kalsoonaanta iskudubarid.
|
Kala soocidda |
Nooca |
Kala duwanaanshaha hadda |
Astaamaha Muhiimka ah |
|
Hadhaaga Nooca Hadda |
Nooca AC |
16A - 800A |
Wuxuu ogaadaa qulqulka haraaga sinusoidal AC kaliya, codsiyada ujeeddooyinka guud |
|
Nooca A |
16A - 800A |
Wuxuu ogaadaa AC + garaaca DC (AC la saxay), culaysyo elegtaroonig ah oo casri ah |
|
|
Dareenka (IΔn) |
Dareen sare |
10mA - 30mA |
Ilaalinta shaqaalaha, goobaha caafimaadka, meelaha qoyan |
|
Dareen dhexdhexaad ah |
100mA - 300mA |
Ilaalinta dabka, warshadaha guud |
|
|
Dareen hoose |
500mA - 1000mA |
Ka-hortagga dabka ee rakibaadda daadinta sare, ilaalinta xulashada |
|
|
Dib u dhaca wakhtiga |
Isla markiiba |
Dhammaan qiimeynta |
Ujeedada guud, <40ms at 5×IΔn |
|
Xulasho (S-Nooca) |
100mA - 1000mA |
Soo daahista (130-500ms at 1×IΔn), takoorid korka ah |
|
|
Habaynta Cirifka |
4-Cul |
16A - 800A |
Saddex waji + dhexdhexaad ah, ilaalin dhexdhexaad ah oo la hagaajin karo (50-100%) |
|
Koritaanka |
go'an |
16A - 800A |
Isku xirka baska tooska ah, kharash-ool ah |
Jebinta Darajooyinka Awoodda:
Heerka (N): 25kA - 36kA (shabakadaha qaybinta)
Sare (S): 50kA - 70kA (qaybaha warshadaha)
Sare-sare (H): 85kA (kaabayaasha korantada)
|
Shaqada |
Mabda'a Ogaanshaha |
Qiyaasaha Farsamada |
|
Ilaalinta culayska badan (L) |
Balaadhinta kulaylka bimetallic ama dareemada elektiroonigga ah ee RMS |
0.8 – 1.0 × Marka la dejinayo, qalooca wakhtiga, ± 10% saxsanaan |
|
Dib-u-dhac-Gaaban (S) |
Waqtiga elektaroonigga ah ama daahitaanka magnetic |
2-10 × gudaha, 0.1s - 0.5s daahitaan, isuduwidda xulashada |
|
Safar degdeg ah (I) |
Solenoid magnetic ama elektaroonik degdeg ah |
5-20 × gudaha, <20ms hawlgalka, xaddidaadda hadda |
|
Bixinta Dhulka (G/Δ) |
Isu-dheellitirka Balance-ka Muhiimka ah (CBCT) |
10mA - 1000mA IΔn, ± 10% saxnaanta dareenka |
|
Ciladda Dhulka (GF) |
Dareenka guud ee hadda jira |
20-100% gudaha, 0.1s-1.0s dib u dhac, habka dheelitirka xudunta |
|
Is-kormeerka |
Hubinta daacadnimada wareegga gudaha |
CBCT joogto ah iyo la socodka gariiradda safarka, soo saarista qaylo-dhaanta cilladda |
TheIsu-dheellitirka Balance-ka Muhiimka ah (CBCT) amaTransformer Toroid wuxuu sameeyaa wadnaha ilaalinta daadinta dhulka:
Hawlgalka caadiga ah: Dhammaan kirishbooyada nool (wejiga + dhexdhexaad ah) waxay maraan xudunta toroidal. Biyo-mareennada dheellitiran waxay dhaliyaan goobo birlabeed ah oo iska soo horjeeda kuwaasoo burinaya qulqulka saafiga ah ee eber-wax hadda ah oo labaad lama kicin.
Xaalada Khaladka: Marka qulqulka qulqulka uu ku qulqulo dhulka (iyada oo loo marayo dahaarka fashilka ama xiriirka aadanaha), dheelitir la'aanta hadda waxay abuurtaa qulqulka birlabeedka haraaga ee xudunta toroidal. Qulqulkaani wuxuu keenaa koronto dabayllaha labaad, isagoo tamar gelinaya gudbin xasaasi ah ama wareegga safarka elektiroonigga ah.
Tilmaamaha Safarka IEC 61008/61009:
1 × IΔn: Safar ≤ 300ms (oo toos ah), ≤ 500ms (nooca S-door ah
2 × IΔn: Safar ≤ 150ms (isla markiiba), ≤ 200ms (nooca S)
5 × IΔn: Safar ≤ 40ms (isla markiiba), ≤ 150ms (nooca S)
|
Qaybta Warshadaha |
Codsiga gaarka ah |
Tilmaamaha Caadiga ah |
|
Xarumaha Xogta |
Qaybinta ugu muhiimsan, UPS bypass, ilaalinta baska-lammaanaha |
250A-500A, Nooca A, 300mA S-nooca xulashada, 70kA Icu, isgaarsiinta karti leh |
|
Xarumaha Daryeelka Caafimaadka |
Qaybinta ugu weyn ee isbitaalka, nidaamyada IT-ga caafimaadka, tiyaatarada qaliinka |
100A-400A, Nooca A, 10mA/30mA dareenka sare, la socodka go'doominta |
|
Dhirta wax-soo-saarka |
Xarumaha xakamaynta mootooyinka, qalabka alxanka, wadeyaasha xawaaraha kala duwan |
160A-500A, Nooca B (loogu talagalay VFDs), 300mA, 50kA Icu, safar elektaroonig ah |
|
Dhismayaasha Ganacsiga |
Qaybinta dabaqyada dhaadheer, xarumaha dukaamaysiga, garoomada diyaaradaha |
125A-400A, Nooca A, 100mA/300mA, 36kA Icu |
|
Saliidda & Gaaska / Badda |
Goobaha xeebaha, qalabka wax lagu qodo, nidaamyada tamarta maraakiibta |
250A-500A, Nooca A, 500mA, kulaylaha (T2), u adkaysta daxalka |
Qalabka Ceyriinka ah ee IQC → Soo saarista Toroidal Transformer → Farsamaynta Kiis La Sameeyey → Nidaamka Xidhiidhka → Isku-dhafka Cutubka Safarka Elektarooniga ah
|
Marxalada |
Faahfaahinta Habraaca |
Qodobbada Xakamaynta Tayada |
|
Transformer Toroid Winding |
nanocrystalline-permeability-sare ama xudunta ferrite (µr> 10,000), dabaylaha saxda ah ee aasaasiga ah (ka gudubka) iyo sare (dareenka) dabaysha, impregnation vacuum |
Xaqiijinta qalooca magnetization Core, danab labaad ee 1 × IΔn ± 5%, iska caabin dahaarka> 100MΩ |
|
Is dhexgalka CBCT |
Koritaanka xudunta toroidal ee ku wareegsan dhammaan wejiyada / dhexdhexaadiyeyaasha dhexdhexaadka ah, ka ilaalinta goobaha birta ee dibadda, isku xirka safarka / elektiroonigga |
Tijaabada dheelitirka oo leh 6 × In load (safar dhib ah ma jiro), difaac ilaa 3rd harmonics |
|
Hadhaaga Habka Safarka Hadda |
Isku-gudbinta xasaasiga ah (5-50mW awoodda safarka) ama MOSFET elektarooniga ah, isku-xidhka makaanikada iyo baarka safarka weyn |
Xaqiijinta awoodda safarka, waqtiga jawaabta <20ms, heerkulka heerkulka -25°C ilaa +70°C |
|
Wax-soo-saarka Kiis-Qaran |
Caag heerkulbeeg ah oo BMC ah (DMC-2) qaabaynta duritaanka, 150-180°C daawaynta, caabbinta raadraaca sare>600V |
Dulqaadka cabbirka ± 0.1mm, xoogga dielectric>15kV/mm, olol retardant UL 94 V-0 |
|
Golaha Xiriirka ugu weyn |
Copper-plated silver (AgNi 90/10) xiriirada, Gacmaha-mashiinka CNC, brazing ee jawiga nitrogen |
Iska caabinta xidhiidhka <50μΩ, dhumucdiisuna tahay qalin 8-12μm (XRF), adkaanta HV 100-150 |
|
Barnaamijka Cutubka Safarka Elektarooniga ah |
Ilaalinta LSIG+Δ Microprocessor-ku-salaysan, soo-galista firmware, qalooca cabbirka, habaynta borotokoolka isgaarsiinta |
± 5% saxnaanta hadda, ± 10% saxnaanta wakhtiga, xaqiijinta ZSI (Aaga Xulashada Dhexdhexaadinta) |
|
Is-dhexgalka kama dambaysta ah & Qalinjabinta |
Isku dhafka kuleyl-magnetic ama nidaamka safarka elektarooniga ah oo leh moduleka hadda jira, isku-xirnaanta farsamada, farsamada gacanta |
Isku darka qulqulka xad dhaafka ah + Xaqiijinta safarka daadinta dhulka, korontadu waxay u adkeysaneysaa 3kV/1 daqiiqo |
|
Qayb |
Tilmaamaha Qalabka |
Heerarka alaab-qeybiyaha |
Guryaha Furaha |
|
Toroidal Core (CBCT) |
Nanocrystalline alloy (Finemet) ama Mn-Zn ferrite (PC40) |
IEC 60404-8, JIS C 2531 |
Dareemidda sare µr> 10,000, qasabad hoose <2A/m, cufnaanta qulqulka qulqulka>1.2T |
|
Dareemida Silig Gariiradda |
Silig naxaas ah oo dahaadhay (0.05-0.1mm), Fasalka F 155°C |
IEC 60317 |
Danab kala goynta>1kV, dabacsanaan>10x dhexroor, alxanka 390°C |
|
Gudbinta Safarka |
Isku-gudbinta daloolada leh, dareenka 5-50mW |
IEC 61810 |
Waqtiga jawaabta <10ms, caabbinta gariiradda 1-5kΩ, nolosha farsamada> 10⁶ hawlgallada |
|
Guriyeynta Case-qaabaysan |
BMC (Bulk Molding Compound) DMC-2, fiber galaas ah oo la xoojiyay |
IEC 60664-1, UL 94 V-0 |
Tilmaanta raadraaca> 600V, iska caabbinta kulaylka 180°C, awoodda saamaynta>8 kJ/m² |
|
Xiriirada ugu muhiimsan |
Naxaasta Electrolytic (Cu-ETP) + dahaadhka Silver-nickel (AgNi 90/10) |
ASTM B152 |
Dhaqan ≥100% IACS, caabbinta nabaadguurka arc, guryaha alxanka ka-hortagga |
|
Qaybaha bimetallic |
Inconel/isku-darka birta aan la dhaafin (ASTM TM2) |
ASTM B388 |
Heerka leexashada 0.15-0.25mm/°C, xasilloonida muddada dheer ± 3%, iska caabin gurguurta |
|
Qaybaha Elektarooniga ah |
PCB-yada heerka wershadaha, dareemayaasha saamaynta Hall-ka, ARM Cortex-M4 soo-saareyaal |
IEC 60721-3-3, IEC 61000 |
Heerkulka shaqada -25°C ilaa +70°C, EMC difaac Heerka 4, SIL 2 awood |
|
Terminalka |
T2 naxaas ah (C11000) oo leh dahaadh (8-12μm) |
ASTM B187/B16 |
Cufnaanta hadda 1.2-1.5 A/mm², wareeg u adkaysta 5-15Nm, iska caabin daxalka |
|
Farsamaynta Hawlgelinta |
Birta guga (SWOSC-V) ama birta aan kala goyn (301) |
JIS G 3560 |
Nolosha daalka>20,000 wareeg, xoog xajin 1800-2000MPa, nasashada <5% |
|
Heerka |
Baaxadda |
Qiimaynta lagu dabaqi karo |
|
IEC 60947-2 Lifaaqa B |
Wareeg-jabiyeyaasha oo ay ku jiraan ilaalinta hadda jirta (CBR) |
CBRs warshadaha>80A, ilaalin dhamaystiran |
|
EN 60947-2 |
Nooca iswaafajinta Yurub ee IEC 60947-2 |
Calaamadeynta CE, u hoggaansanaanta suuqa EU |
|
GB/T 14048.2 |
Heerarka qaranka Shiinaha oo u dhigma |
Shahaadada CCC, suuqa Shiinaha |
|
Qaybta Imtixaanka |
Imtixaan gaar ah |
Shuruudaha Ogolaanshaha |
|
Waxqabadka Hadda Hadhaaga ah |
Waqtiga safarka ee 1 × IΔn, 2 × IΔn, 5 × IΔn |
≤300ms, ≤150ms, ≤40ms (isla markiiba); Nooca S: ≤500ms, ≤200ms, ≤150ms |
|
Aan ku dhicin 0.5×IΔn |
Ma jiro safar 2× wakhtiga daahitaanka lagu qiimeeyay |
|
|
U adkaysiga sare ee hadda (8/20μs, 3kA) |
Ma jiro safar dhib ah, Nooca A: 250A dareen, Nooca F: 1000A, Nooca B: 3000A |
|
|
Ilaalinta joogtada ah |
Heerkulka sare u kaca marka lagu qiimeeyo In |
Terminalka ≤80K, kiis ≤40K |
|
Jebinta gaaban ee wareegga gaaban (Icu/Ics) |
3 hawlgal, hakad guul leh, soo kabashada dielectric |
|
|
Xaqiijinta qalooca safarka (L-S-I) |
± 10% saxnaanta hadda, ± 20% saxnaanta wakhtiga |
|
|
Guryaha Dielectric |
U adkaysiga-soo noqnoqda (2.5kV-3.5kV/1daqiiqo) |
Burbur la'aan, majiro toosan |
|
U adkeysiga degdega ah (8kV 1.2/50μs) |
Wax dareere ah oo carqaladaynaya ma jiro |
|
|
Makaanikada & Deegaanka |
Adkeysiga makaanikada (10,000-20,000 wareegyada) |
<5% leexleex, guuldarro la'aan |
|
Difaaca EMC (IEC 61000-4 taxane) |
Ma jiro wax dhibaato ah oo ka imanaya faragelinta shucaaca/lagu sameeyay |
|
Qalab |
Walxaha Kormeerka |
Qorshaha Muunada |
Qalabka |
|
Xudunta Toroidal |
Dheefta magnetic, qulqulka qulqulka, khasaaraha asaasiga ah |
Dufcaddiiba, Imtixaanka qalooca B-H |
Falanqeeyaha B-H, falanqeeye impedance |
|
Dareemida silig |
Dhexroorka, dhumucda dahaarka, danab burbursan |
AQL 0.65 |
Mikrometer, tijaabiyaha dielectric |
|
Dhismaha caagagga ah ee BMC |
Nuxurka dhalada, viscosity, sifooyinka daawaynta, tusmada raadraaca |
Dufcaddiiba, COA + tijaabinta |
Rheometer, falanqeeye DSC, qalabka baaritaanka |
|
Xalka dahaadhka qalinka |
Feejignaanta birta, pH, wasakhda |
Korjoogteynta maalinlaha ah |
spectrometer nuugista atomiga |
|
Qaybaha elegtarooniga ah |
Tijaabada shaqada, xaqiijinta halbeegga, nooca firmware |
100% AOI, 5% shaqaynaysa |
Mitirka LCR, oscilloscope, sawirka xadka |
|
Saldhig |
Xakamaynta Xakamaynta |
Soo noqnoqda |
Habka |
|
Dabaylaha Transformer Toroid |
Saamiga leexashada, inductance, caabbinta dahaarka |
Unug kasta |
mitirka LCR, tijaabiyaha dahaarka |
|
Golaha CBCT |
Tijaabada dheelitirka culeys la qiimeeyay, difaacida harmonics |
100kii cutubba |
Tijaabada duritaanka aasaasiga ah, koronto dhaliyaha |
|
Hadhaaga hagaajinta hadda |
Xadka safarka ee IΔn, wakhtiga jawaabta, safar la'aanta 0.5 × IΔn |
Unug kasta |
Tijaabiye toos ah oo RCD ah (0.5-1000mA barnaamij la samayn karo) |
|
Kulanka ugu muhiimsan ee xiriirka |
Farqiga xiriirka, cadaadiska, toosinta, caabbinta |
100kii cutubba |
Qiyaasta xoogga, micro-ohmmeter |
|
Is dhexgalka kama dambaysta ah |
Xaqiijinta safarka qulqulka dhulka |
Unug kasta |
Kursiga tijaabada ah ee isku dhafan (duritaanka aasaasiga ah + jilitaanka daadinta) |
|
Shayga Tijaabada |
Heerka |
Cabbirka Tusaalaha |
|
Waqtiga safarka ee hadhsan |
1 × IΔn, 2× IΔn, 5× IΔn halkii IEC 61008/61009 |
100% |
|
Tijaabada safarka aan ahayn 0.5×IΔn |
2× wakhtiga daahitaanka lagu qiimeeyay |
100% |
|
Qalooca safarka xad dhaafka ah |
1.05×In, 1.25×In, 5×In, 10×In |
100% |
|
Dielectric adkeysiga danab |
2.5kV AC/1 daq |
100% |
|
Iska caabin dahaarka |
>100MΩ @ 500V DC |
100% |
|
Iska caabin xiriir |
<50μΩ tiirkiiba |
100% |
|
Xaqiijinta calaamadaynta Torque |
Adkeynta Terminalka si gaar ah |
100% |
|
Kormeer muuqaal & muuqaal ah |
Cilladaha eber ee cabbirrada muhiimka ah |
100% |
|
Calaamadaynta joogtaynta |
Tixidda dareeraha, baaritaanka nabarrada |
AQL 1.0 |
|
daacadnimada baakaynta |
Tijaabada tuurista, gariirka (ISTA 3A) |
Inta badan |
|
Qaybta Qalabka |
Tilmaamaha Mashiinka |
Shaqada |
Awood |
|
Mashiinnada dabaysha ee Toroidal |
Dabaylo toos ah oo toroidal ah oo leh xakamaynta xiisadda |
CBCT hoose/sare dabaysha, lakabyo sax ah |
5,000 Transformers/maalintii |
|
Furnace Annealing Core |
Fakiyuum baabi'inta jawiga nitrogen |
Daawaynta kulaylka xudunta ah ee Nanocrystalline, culayska dhimista |
2,000 oo koor / dufcad |
|
Qaabaynta Durida |
300-ton BMC madbacada heerkulbeegga |
Guriyeynta CBR, baloogyada arc, baloogyada terminaalka |
3,000 kiis/maalintii |
|
Mashiinnada CNC |
5-dhidib toosan xarunta machining |
Mashiinka xidhiidhka saxda ah, joomatariyada adag |
8,000 xidhidh xidhidh /bishii |
|
Daaweynta Dusha sare |
Khad lacag ah oo toos ah |
Xidhiidhka dhejiska 8-12μm, lebbiska dhumucda ±1μm |
4,000 kg/maalintii |
|
Golaha |
Unugyada ururinta shaqada |
Isku-dubaridka makaanikada, is-dhexgalka CBCT, is-habaynta |
1,500 unug/maalintii khadkiiba |
|
Qalabka Tijaabada |
Kursiga imtixaanka CBR ee isku dhafan |
Isku darka xad-dhaafka ah + xaqiijinta hadda jirta |
300 unug/saacaddii |
|
|
Qolka imtixaanka EMC (3m/10m, Teseq) |
Tijaabada xasaanadda/sii daynta unugyada elektiroonigga ah |
50 unug/maalintii |
|
Qaybta Alaabta |
Awoodda bisha |
Waqtiga Hoggaanka caadiga ah |
Awoodda Dalabka Degdegga ah |
|
CBR 4P (16A-125A) |
10,000 oo unug |
4-5 todobaad |
3 maalmood (qaybaha kaydka) |
|
Warshadaha CBR (160A-400A) |
8,000 oo unug |
4-5 todobaad |
5 maalmood |
|
CBR Warshadaha Culus (630A-800A) |
3,000 oo unug |
4-5 todobaad |
7 maalmood |
|
Habaynta gaarka ah (IΔn gaar ah, qalooca) |
Saldhigga mashruuca |
5-6 usbuuc |
2 todobaad |
|
Waaxda |
Shaqaale |
Khabiir |
Waajibaadka |
|
Injineerinka R&D |
5 injineer |
Farsamada hadda jirta, naqshadda dareemayaasha birlabeedka, nidaamyada ku dhex jira, korantada elektiroonigga ah |
Horumarka cusub ee CBR, Nooca B/F/B+ hal-abuurnimo, faylalka patent-ka (40+ shatiyada) |
|
Farsamada injineernimada |
18 injineer |
Wax soo saarka Toroidal transformer, BMC qaabaynta, isu imaatinka saxda ah, wax soo saarka caatada ah |
Hagaajinta wax soo saarka, dukumeentiga SOP, horumarinta wax-soosaarka (> 99.5%) |
|
Tijaabinta & Xaqiijinta |
15 injineer |
Tijaabada hadda-sare, jilitaanka hadda hadhaaga ah, EMC, tijaabinta deegaanka |
Iskuduwidda tijaabada nooca (IEC 60947-2 Lifaaqa B, IEC 61008/61009), falanqaynta fashilka |
|
Codsiga injineernimada |
10 injineer |
Iskuduwidda xulashada, qorshayaasha ilaalinta daadinta dhulka, EV/ codsiyada la cusboonaysiin karo |
Taageerada farsamada macaamiisha, daraasaadka takoorka, shaqada goobta |
|
Xaqiijinta Tayada |
30 farsamayaqaan |
ISO 9001, ISO 14001, xakamaynta habka tirakoobka, shaybaarka mitirka |
Hantidhawrka alaab-qeybiyaha, hanti-dhawrka habka, ficilka sixitaanka, maaraynta habaynta |
|
Shahaado |
Soo saarida Jirka |
Baaxadda |
ansaxnimada |
|
ISO 9001:2015 |
ZHONGDA HUAYUAN |
Nidaamka maaraynta tayada |
Ilaalinta sanadlaha ah |
|
IEC 60947-2 Imtixaanka Nooca Lifaaqa B |
Internetka |
Waxqabadka warshadaha CBR |
Taxane kasta |
|
Calaamadeynta CE |
Jirka La Ogeysiiyo |
Helitaanka suuqa EU |
Naqshad ku tiirsan |
|
CCC (Shiinaha) |
CQC |
Shahaadada qasabka ah ee Shiinaha |
5-sano oo ansax ah |
|
Qorshaha CB |
IECEE |
shahaado caalami ah |
Taxane kasta |
Xaruntayada wax-soo-saarka ayaa ka dhigan40 sano oo takhasus ah teknoolajiyada ilaalinta daadinta dhulka ee hadhsan, bixinta CBR-yada ka sarreeya heerarka caalamiga ah iyada oo loo marayo:
Khibrada Toroidal transformer: Soosaarka xudunta u ah nanocrystalline ee guriga dhexdiisa, otomaatig sax ah oo dabaysha, iyo tijaabinta CBCT dhamaystiran oo hubinaysa <± 5% saxnaanta xasaasiga
Is dhexgalka toosan: Laga soo bilaabo diyaarinta walxaha asaasiga ah ilaa isu-ururinta kama-dambaysta ah, xakamaynta dhammaystiran ee qaybaha muhiimka ah (transformers toroid, cutubyada safarka elektarooniga ah, kiisaska la qaabeeyey)
Kaabayaasha tijaabada horumarsan: $3M+ waxa lagu maalgaliyay nidaamyada tijaabinta CBR isku dhafan ee awood u leh xaqiijinta xad-dhaafka ah ee isku mar ah iyo kuwa hadhay, tijaabada dareenka B DC, iyo u hogaansanaanta EMC
Istaraatiijiyada shahaadada caalamiga ahU hoggaansanaanta heerarka kala duwan ee awood u siinaya gelitaanka suuq aan kala go 'lahayn ee 100+ waddan iyada oo aan baaritaan dheeraad ah lahayn
Tilmaamaha farsamada, daraasaadka isuduwidda ee xulashada, hagidda codsiga Nooca B, ama jadwalka xisaabinta warshadda, kooxdayada injineernimada waxay ku siinaysaa la tashi toos ah si loo hubiyo in dhismahaaga ilaalinta daadinta dhulka uu buuxiyo shuruudaha badbaadada shaqaalaha iyo ujeedooyinka sii wadida shaqada.